SONOGRAPHIC ASSOCIATION OF NON – ALCOHOLIC FATTY LIVER DISEASE ANDCHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE WITH METABOLIC SYNDROME
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Metabolic syndrome, a complex cluster of metabolic disturbances, has become a
global health concern due to its association with increased cardiovascular risks and organ-related disorders.
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and chronic kidney disease (CKD) are two significant conditions
closely linked to metabolic syndrome, reflecting potential shared pathophysiological mechanisms. Ultrasonography
has emerged as a vital tool for non-invasive assessment of NAFLD and CKD within the context of metabolic
syndrome. To find the sonographic association of non – alcoholic fatty liver disease with chronic kidney disease
in patients with metabolic syndrome methodology.
METHODOLOGY: This descriptive study was performed at Sharif city hospital, Lahore. Total 210 participants,
age 18-80 years comprising 107 (51%) males and 103 (49%) females were scanned. The study included CKD and
NAFLD patients having metabolic syndrome and patients having any other liver or kidney disease related to
metabolic syndrome were excluded.
RESULTS: The study revealed significant associations between diabetes and CKD, as well as between hypertension
and stages of CKD. However, no significant associations were observed between diabetes and fatty liver
grading, hypertension and fatty liver grading, or obesity and stages of CKD. Similarly, no significant associations
were found between obese/non-obese status and fatty liver disease or chronic kidney disease.
CONCLUSION: In conclusion, this study contributes valuable insights into the complex interplay of metabolic
syndrome, NAFLD, and CKD. The significant associations observed highlight the need for comprehensive
assessment and management of these conditions to reduce their individual and collective burden on global healthcare
systems.
KEYWORDS: Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease, Chronic Kidney Disease, Metabolic Syndrome.
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